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PAST AND PRESENT

Dun Laoghaire Baths: A History

This blog post explores the captivating history of Dun Laoghaire Baths, nestled in the picturesque seaside town of Dun Laoghaire, County Dublin, Ireland. Constructed in 1843 by a private company, the baths were initially intended to provide both fresh and saltwater swimming experiences for the affluent residents of Kingstown, now known as Dun Laoghaire. Over the years, these baths have undergone numerous renovations and transformations, reflecting the changing social and recreational landscape of the town.

Research Methodology

To compile this comprehensive account of Dun Laoghaire Baths, a meticulous research process was undertaken. This involved a thorough examination of online resources, including historical archives, local council websites, and community blogs. Additionally, relevant articles and publications were reviewed to gather diverse perspectives and insights into the baths’ history and current status.

Construction and Early Years

The story of Dun Laoghaire Baths begins in 1843 when John Crosthwaite erected the Royal Victoria Baths east of the East Pier. These baths were exclusively designed for the well-to-do inhabitants of Kingstown. This period coincided with a shift in bathing practices, as the popularity of spas, once favoured by the wealthy, began to wane with the rise of sea-bathing. The health benefits associated with sea swimming and fresh air were gaining recognition, contributing to the growing appeal of seaside resorts like Dun Laoghaire.

In 1896, the Kingston Urban District Council purchased the baths, and the firm Alexander Fraser was commissioned to construct new baths on the current site. Completed in June 1908, these new baths laid the foundation for the structure as it stands today. Interestingly, the site also holds archaeological significance, as it was once home to Glasthule Battery, built around 1804-1805 as part of a network of fortifications protecting Dublin City.

Evolution and Expansion

The turn of the 20th century ushered in a period of significant transformation for Dun Laoghaire Baths. In 1911, the baths underwent renovations and were renamed Kingstown Baths, eventually becoming Dun Laoghaire Baths. During this era, the Edwardian baths served as an urban spa, offering therapeutic health and relaxation benefits.

The 1930s witnessed further expansion and modernisation. Three pools were added, along with changing rooms, a tearoom, a lounge, and a laundry. This architectural transformation reflected the changing trends in leisure and recreation, moving from the Victorian-era emphasis on private bathing to a more inclusive and modern approach. The baths also featured ‘slipper baths’ filled with hot sea water, catering to those seeking a more traditional bathing experience.

However, this period was not without its challenges. In 1933, a storm caused significant damage to both Blackrock Baths and Dun Laoghaire Baths, necessitating extensive renovations and extensions. Despite these setbacks, the baths continued to thrive, becoming a popular destination for tourists and day-trippers, drawn by its comprehensive facilities and affordable prices.

Closure and Redevelopment

Despite its popularity, Dun Laoghaire Baths eventually closed in the 1970s. Before falling into dereliction, the site was briefly used as ‘Rainbow Rapids’. The closure marked a period of decline for this once-vibrant landmark.

However, the story of Dun Laoghaire Baths did not end there. In the late 1990s, efforts to revive the baths gained momentum. A voluntary community organisation, Save Our Seafront, was formed in 2002 with the aim of restoring the baths to their former glory. In 2005, Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown County Council proposed a €140 million development plan for the site, which included apartments, shops, restaurants, an indoor pool, and a maritime park. This plan, however, faced strong public opposition and was ultimately rejected by councillors.

The redevelopment process was not without its hurdles. Delays and disagreements over the best approach to revitalising the baths prolonged the project. Nevertheless, in 2018, work finally commenced on the €9 million redevelopment of the site. As part of the redevelopment, several dilapidated buildings were demolished to allow sunlight to reach the main pavilion. To enhance the site’s resilience against coastal erosion, 600 tonnes of Cornish granite were deposited as part of additional rock armour protection measures. The project also received €1.1 million in grant funding from the European Regional Development Fund’s S&E Regional Programme 2014-20 “Designated Urban Centres Grant Scheme”.

Facilities and Amenities

The newly reopened Dun Laoghaire Baths offer a range of facilities and amenities for visitors to enjoy. The refurbished baths pavilion houses artists’ studios, a gallery, a café, and public toilet facilities. A new 35m jetty with built-in seating extends into the sea, providing stunning views of Scotsman’s Bay. A simple changing shelter and a refurbished Edwardian gazebo in the beach garden further enhance the site’s appeal.

Current Status

Dun Laoghaire Baths reopened to the public in December 2022, marking a significant milestone in the town’s history. The revitalised space has quickly become a popular destination for both locals and tourists. Visitors can enjoy a variety of activities, including swimming, water sports, and attending events. The baths have also become a favourite spot for promenading, taking in the views from the jetty, and admiring the new Casement Memorial Statue.

Accessibility has been a key consideration in the redevelopment project. A lift and stairs have been installed to provide access to the lower level, where artists’ studios and a communal exhibition space are located. However, some accessibility issues have been raised regarding the temporary ramps leading to the lower-level amphitheatre, which have been deemed too steep by wheelchair users.

The project has prioritised sustainability by using materials that minimise its carbon footprint. Swimmers have two main points of entry to the water, ensuring safe and convenient access for all.

Nearby Attractions

While visiting Dun Laoghaire Baths, it’s worth exploring the nearby National Maritime Museum of Ireland. Housed in a former Mariners’ Church, the museum offers a fascinating glimpse into the town’s maritime heritage. Exhibits include a ship’s radio room, a Titanic exhibition, and relics from the RMS Leinster, a ship that sank nearby during World War I.

Future Plans

The redevelopment of Dun Laoghaire Baths is an ongoing project. Phase 2, scheduled for completion in Q3 2024, will focus on improving universal access from Queen’s Road down to the new jetty. This phase will involve the construction of accessible ramps, steps, seating, and public lighting.

Furthermore, a further €2.5 million has been allocated for additional improvements to the baths. There are also discussions about incorporating an open seawater pool in a future phase of development.

Conclusion

Dun Laoghaire Baths have been an integral part of Dun Laoghaire’s history for almost two centuries. From their exclusive beginnings as a private bathing facility to their current status as a vibrant and inclusive public space, the baths have mirrored the town’s social and cultural evolution. The recent redevelopment, recognised with the prestigious AR public awards 2024 has breathed new life into this cherished landmark.

Beyond their recreational function, the baths have served as a social hub, fostering community spirit and providing a gathering place for people of all ages and backgrounds. The ongoing development plans demonstrate a commitment to ensuring the baths remain a vital asset for generations to come.